without

preposition

«without» in the English dictionary: Early Modern English — its meanings, how the lessons use it, and examples, each with its tree on Mova.

Early Modern English

Meaning

Outside of; not inside a place (as in "without the city"). tree →

Then and now

Today "without" means "lacking" or "not having". The first sentence uses the old sense of "outside", while the other two use today's sense of lacking.

Examples

And they brought him forth, and set him without the city. (Torah GEN.19.16, JPS 1917) tree →
"What runs without feet?" says he. (More English Fairy Tales) tree →
21) The combination of the twenty-two letters without permutation is represented in the following table: (Sefer Yetzirah, Kalisch 1877) tree →

Note

Today: outside; beyond.

On Mova

Trees and pragmatics of «without» in the Early Modern English dictionary: every meaning and example parsed by Mova, with its dependency tree and frames.
«without» in the Early Modern English dictionary on Mova free.

This page in Markdown → https://md.dictionary.elamur.ai/free/en/english/without/