kind

noun (kind, kinds); adjective (kind, kinder, kindest)

«kind» in the English dictionary: everyday and in Jewish tradition and Early Modern English — its meanings, how the lessons use it, and examples, each with its tree on Mova.

Everyday

As a noun, a kind is a type or sort of something: What kind of dog is it? tree →
As an adjective, kind means nice, caring and helpful to others. tree →
Kind of (informal) means «a little» or «sort of»: I'm kind of tired. tree →

In the lessons

In maths, a type that sorts things into groups; problems ask how many kinds or how many of each kind. In science, sorting animals and plants into kinds (groups). In everyday life and school values: be kind to others, kind words, kindness. In stories, a kind character helps someone in need. Phrases: «what kind of», «all kinds of», «of each kind», «be kind to», «kind of».

Examples

The shop sells 5 kinds of bread. tree →
She has 3 kinds of flowers, 10 of each kind. tree →
How many kinds of fruit are there? tree →
The kind boy shared his apples. tree →
What kind of music do you like? tree →
It was kind of you to help me. tree →
There are all kinds of animals at the zoo. tree →
Be kind to your little brother. tree →
I'm kind of hungry. tree →

Note

Noun is countable: a kind, kinds; «this kind of apple», «these kinds of apples». Adjective: kind, kinder, kindest; noun: kindness; adverb: kindly. «Of each kind» means multiply (kinds × number of each). Trap: «how many kinds» counts types, not items.

In Jewish tradition

Here "kind" mostly means a species or type of animal, as in "after its kind." Later it also means a sort of thing in general, as in all kinds of fruit or ware. In some verses the word is a misprint for "king."

Interpretation. The phrase "after its kind" is used in the lists of clean and unclean creatures, and the rabbis worked out signs for telling which kinds may be eaten.

Examples

and every raven after its kinds; (Torah DEU.14.14, JPS 1917) tree →
and the kite, and the falcon after its kinds; (Torah LEV.11.14, JPS 1917) tree →
and the glede, and the falcon, and the kite after its kinds; (Torah DEU.14.13, JPS 1917) tree →
So the king of Israel and Jehoshaphat the kind of Judah went up to Ramoth-gilead. (Writings 2CH.18.28, JPS 1917) tree →
So the merchants and sellers of all kind of ware lodged without Jerusalem once or twice. (Writings NEH.13.20, JPS 1917) tree →
I made me gardens and parks, and I planted trees in them of all kinds of fruit; (Writings ECC.2.5, JPS 1917) tree →

Note

Early Modern English

Meaning

A type or sort of something. tree →

Then and now

Today "kind" still means type or sort, and "kind" as an adjective means gentle or caring. The sentences use these senses as we do.

Examples

Thou shalt not plant thee an Asherah of any kind of tree beside the altar of the LORD thy God, which thou shalt make thee. (Torah DEU.16.21, JPS 1917) tree →
Would she to me were kind! (Andersen's Fairy Tales) tree →
On another, it refers to something less tangible, approaching the kind of phantom essence implied by the English term ‘soul’. (Sefer Yetzirah, Sefaria community translation) tree →

Note

Today: species, sort.

On Mova

Trees and pragmatics of «kind» in the school dictionary: every meaning and example parsed by Mova, with its dependency tree and frames.
«kind» in the school dictionary on Mova free.
Trees and pragmatics of «kind» in the Judaism dictionary: every meaning and example parsed by Mova, with its dependency tree and frames.
«kind» in the Judaism dictionary on Mova free.
Trees and pragmatics of «kind» in the Early Modern English dictionary: every meaning and example parsed by Mova, with its dependency tree and frames.
«kind» in the Early Modern English dictionary on Mova free.

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