dough

Everyday

1. A thick soft mixture of flour, water and other things, for making bread, pizza, pastry or biscuits before baking. tree →
2. (informal, old slang) Money. tree →

In the lessons

In cooking and science lessons, kneading dough with yeast makes it rise because the yeast gives off a gas; baking it is an irreversible change. Children play with play dough. Phrases: «knead the dough», «roll out the dough», «cookie dough», «play dough».

Examples

• We kneaded the dough for ten minutes. tree →
• Leave the dough in a warm place so it can rise. tree →
• Roll out the dough and cut out star shapes. tree →
• Pizza dough is stretched into a circle. tree →
• The yeast makes bubbles that make the dough rise. tree →
• Don't eat raw cookie dough with raw egg or flour in it. tree →
• My little sister made a dinosaur out of play dough. tree →
• "I haven't got enough dough for that," joked Dad. tree →
• Vasilissa took flour, kneaded dough, and made a pie. tree →

Note

Silent «gh»: «dough» rhymes with «go». Homophone: «doe» (a female deer) — «Doe, a deer». Do not mix up with «doughnut» (also «donut»). Raw dough with flour or egg can make you ill.

In Jewish tradition

In the Torah, the first of the dough is set aside as a gift to the LORD, and the Israelites left Egypt with dough not yet risen.

Interpretation. Tradition calls the portion set aside challah, which a priest once received. Today it is still separated when bread is baked, and the unleavened dough of the Exodus is remembered at Passover with matzah.

Examples

• Of the first of your dough ye shall give unto the LORD a portion for a gift throughout your generations. (Torah NUM.15.21, JPS 1917) tree →
• And the people took their dough before it was leavened, their kneading-troughs being bound up in their clothes upon their shoulders. (Torah EXO.12.34, JPS 1917) tree →
• Of the first of your dough ye shall set apart a cake for a gift; as that which is set apart of the threshing-floor, so shall ye set it apart. (Torah NUM.15.20, JPS 1917) tree →
• And she took dough, and kneaded it, and made cakes in his sight, and did bake the cakes. (Prophets 2SA.13.8, JPS 1917) tree →
• They are all adulterers, as an oven heated by the baker, who ceaseth to stir from the kneading of the dough until it be leavened. (Prophets HOS.7.4, JPS 1917) tree →
• The children gather wood, and the fathers kindle the fire, and the women knead the dough, to make cakes to the queen of heaven, and to pour out drink-offerings unto other gods, that they may provoke Me. (Prophets JER.7.18, JPS 1917) tree →

Note

Silent «gh»: «dough» rhymes with «go». Homophone: «doe» (a female deer) — «Doe, a deer». Do not mix up with «doughnut» (also «donut»). Raw dough with flour or egg can make you ill.