כּוֹכָב

n.m. Gn 15:5 star (NH id.; Aramaic כּוֹכְבָא, כּוֹכַבְתָּא, ܟܰܘܟܒܳܐ, ܟܰܘܟܰܒܬܳܐ, fem. form specifically of planet Venus, v. also WeSkizzen iii. 36, 38; Arabic كَوْكَبٌ gen. of single stars and prob. Aramaic loan-word, WeSkizzen iii. 173; Ethiopic ኮከብ; prob. for כבכב v. Mahri kubkob, kobkîb, etc., Maltzan ZMG 1873, 227 and Assyrian kakkabu Dl HWB 336; Pun. κακαβουμ (Dioscorides), name of a plant, prob. from shape of seed-cup, BlauZMG xxvii, 1873, 529; on formation cf. NöM § 109 BaNB§ 138. 1)—כ׳ abs. Nu 24:17; cstr. כּוֹכַב Am 5:26; pl. כּוֹכָבִים Gn 1:16 + 19 times; cstr. כּוֹכְבֵי (כֹּכְבֵי) Gn 22:17 + 13 times; כֹּכְבֵיהֶם Ez 32:7;—sg. only כ׳ אֱלֹהֵיכֶם Am 5:26 (where, however, כ׳ is prob. a gloss, so GFM Dec. 19, 1890, and now We; v. further כִּיּוּן), and כ׳ מִיַּעֲקֹב Nu 24:17 (JE; ‖ שֵׁבֶט בישׂראל, metaph. of future ruler); elsewhere pl. stars, ‖ sun and moon (cf. also infr.) Gn 1:16 (P) ψ 136:9 (to rule the night, cf. Gn 1:16), Je 31:35 Gn 37:9 (E), Joseph’s dream (אַחַד עָשָׂר כ׳ = 11 brethren); Dt 4:19 obj. of idol. worship (cf. infr.); observed in augury הַחֹזִים בַּכּ׳ Is 47:13 (of Babylon); Ec 12:2 (‖ (also) light; fig. of brightness of youth); ‖ sun Jb 9:7; ‖ moon ψ 8:4; sign of evening Ne 4:15 (מֵעֲלוֹת הַשַּׁחַר עַד צֵאת הַכּ׳) cf. כּוֹכְבֵּי נִשְׁכּוֹ Jb 3:9 (appar. sign of dawn); numbered by God ψ 147:4; sim. of abundant posterity, Gn 15:5; 22:17; 26:4 Ex 32:13 (all JE); of Isr. Dt 1:10; 10:22; 28:62 1 Ch 27:32 Ne 9:23; of number of merchants of Nineveh Na 3:16; as lofty, Jb 22:12; so in fig. of haughty nations Ob 4 is 14:13; cf. symbolic vision of Dn (‖ צָבָא, צְבָא הַשָּׁמַיִם) Dn 8:10; sim. of brightness of righteous Dn 12:3; not pure (זַכּוּ) before God Jb 25:5 (‖ moon); darkened in Yahweh’s judgment Jo 2:10; 4:15 Ez 32:7 (‖ sun and moon; so) Is 13:10 (‖ also כְּסִילֵיהֶם); personified: as fighting Ju 5:20; shouting Jb 38:7 (בְּרָן־יַחַד כּוֹכְבֵי בֹקֶר, ‖ בְּנֵי אֱלֹהִים); praising ψ 148:3 (כּוֹכְבֵי אוֹר, ‖ sun and moon).—On stars in Arabic mythol. v. WeSkizzen iii.173 f.