שְׁבַח

Biblical Aramaic

laud — used 5 times in the Aramaic chapters of the Bible. Below: its meanings with their sources, MACULA's glosses, and 2 verses word for word and in JPS 1917.

Meaning

OpenScriptures lexical index

laud tree →

Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906

שְׁבַח: vb. laud, praise tree →

The whole BDB entry

vb. laud, praise (𝔗 Syriac; v. BH II. שׁבח (Aramaism));—Pf. 2 ms. שַׁבַּ֑הְתָּ Dn 5:23, 1 s. שַׁבְּחֵת 4:31, 3 mpl. שַׁבַּ֫חוּ 5:4; Pt. act. מְשַׁבַּח 2:23; 4:34;—praise, c. ל dei Dn 2:23; 4:31, 34; ל of idols 5:4, 23.

Jastrow 1903

שְׁבַח I: to improve, rise in value; to make profit to praise. Part. pass. praiseworthy to spread, germinate to praise, sing to be praised, sung to praise one’s self to speak with pride of, commend tree →

The whole Jastrow entry

to improve, rise in value; to make profit. B. Bath. 140ᵃ ברשות יורשין שְׁבוּחַ they rose in value while in the possession of the heirs (and the benefit ought to be theirs). B. Kam. 98ᵃ, v. נִסְבָּא II; a. e. to praise. Part. pass. שְׁבִיחַ; f. שְׁבִיחָא praiseworthy. Gitt. 80ᵇ ש׳ להו מילתא it is a matter of praise (an honor) to them (to mention the governor’s name in a document), opp. זילא. to spread, germinate, v. שְׁוַוח I. to praise, sing. Targ. Ex. XV, 1. Targ. Ps. IV, 1 לשַׁבָּחָא (h. text למנצח); a. fr.—[Targ. Y. II, Ex. XXXIV, 29; Targ. Ps. CXLIX, 4, v. שַׁבְהַר.]—Part. pass. מְשַׁבַּח; f. מְשַׁבַּחְתָּא; pl. מְשַׁבְּחַיָּיא; מְשַׁבְּחַן. Ib. CXIII, 3. Targ. Ez. XXVI, 17. Targ. Y. Ex. XV, 10 מיא ממשבחייא, read: במיא מְשַׁבְּ׳ (h. text אדירים).—Lam. R. to III, 9 בכל … סליק ש׳ ונחת וכ׳ every Friday he went up (to Jerusalem), prayed (in the Temple), and went home and lighted the candles; Y. Maas. Sh. V, 57ᵃ top שבת (corr. acc.). Snh. 42ᵃ אַשְׁבּוּחֵי מְשַׁבַּח נפשיה (or מַשְׁבַּח) does he proclaim his own praise? Meg. 25ᵇ האי … שרי לשַׁבּוּחֵיה ומאן דשֵׁבְּחֵיה וכ׳ it is permitted to praise him whose reputation is good, and blessings rest upon the head of him who praises him. same. Snh. l. c., v. supra. to be praised, sung. Targ. Ps. LXXVIII, 63; a. e. to praise one’s self. Targ. Jer. IV, 2. Ib. XLIX, 4; a. fr.—Meg. 11ᵇ (ref. to Ezra I, 2) אִשְׁתַּבּוּחֵי … מִשְׁתַּבַּח בנפשיה it is he (Cyrus) only who thus glorifies himself (as the ruler of all empires). Ber. 6ᵃ, v. שְׁבָחָא; a. e. to speak with pride of, commend. Ab. Zar. 4ᵃ משתבח להו … ברב ספרא וכ׳ R. A. recommended RabSafra to the heretics (saying) that he is a great man. Ber. 38ᵃ [read:] מִשְׁתַּבְּחִין ליה רבנן בבר וכ׳ (Ms. M. משבחין, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note) the Rabbis recommended the son of Rab Zabid … (saying) that he is a great man &c. Pes. 50ᵇ אישתבוחי משתבח בה קרא the Scripture commends her for it. Nidd. 14ᵇ; a. e.

Why these entries: BDB: headword, part of speech agrees, 5 of its verses cited, 0 words shared with the glosses (1 candidates); OSHB: headword, part of speech agrees, 1 words shared with the BDB entry, 0 with the glosses (1 candidates); Jastrow: headword, part of speech agrees, 0 of its verses cited, 1 words shared with the glosses (6 candidates)

Glosses

MACULA's English glosses of the word in the text, with how often each is used: I praised (1); [am] praising (1); praising (1).

In the verses

Daniel 5:4 · tree →

אִשְׁתִּ֖יו חַמְרָ֑א וְ֠שַׁבַּחוּ לֵֽאלָהֵ֞י דַּהֲבָ֧א וְכַסְפָּ֛א נְחָשָׁ֥א פַרְזְלָ֖א אָעָ֥א וְאַבְנָֽא׃

Word for word: they.drank the wine and they.praised (et).the gods of.(the) gold and (the) silver (the) bronze (the) iron (the) wood and (the) stone

JPS 1917: They drank wine, and praised the gods of gold, and of silver, of brass, of iron, of wood, and of stone.

Daniel 4:34 · tree →

כְּעַ֞ן אֲנָ֣ה נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּ֗ר מְשַׁבַּ֨ח וּמְרוֹמֵ֤ם וּמְהַדַּר֙ לְמֶ֣לֶךְ שְׁמַיָּ֔א דִּ֤י כָל־מַעֲבָד֙וֹהִי֙ קְשֹׁ֔ט וְאֹרְחָתֵ֖הּ דִּ֑ין וְדִי֙ מַהְלְכִ֣ין בְּגֵוָ֔ה יָכִ֖ל לְהַשְׁפָּלָֽה׃פ

Word for word: now I Nebuchadnezzar [am].praising and.[am] lifting.up and.[am] glorifying (et).the king of the.heavens that all deeds his [are].truth and ways his [are].justice and.[those] who [are].walking in pride [he.is].able to bring.low

JPS 1917: Now I Nebuchadnezzar praise and extol and honour the King of heaven; for all His works are truth, and His ways justice; and those that walk in pride He is able to abase.'

On Mova

This word in the Biblical Aramaic dictionary on Mova free.
Trees and pragmatics of its meanings: every English meaning parsed by Mova, with its dependency tree and frames.

Sources. The words, their counts, glosses and the word-for-word renderings: MACULA Hebrew (the Westminster Leningrad Codex; Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0). Meanings: the OpenScriptures lexical index (CC BY 4.0), Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906 and Jastrow 1903 (public domain, via Sefaria); Targum Onkelos from Sefaria (public domain). Translation: JPS 1917 (public domain, from eBible.org).

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