גְּזַר

Biblical Aramaic

cut — used 6 times in the Aramaic chapters of the Bible. Below: its meanings with their sources, MACULA's glosses, and 2 verses word for word and in JPS 1917.

Meaning

OpenScriptures lexical index

cut tree →

Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906

גְּזַר: vb. cut, (divide,) determine tree →

The whole BDB entry

vb. cut, (divide,) determine (so 𝔗 Syriac, in both meanings; BH usually divide, †Jb Est decree);— Pt. act. as subst., pl. abs. גָּֽזְרִין determiners (of fate; astrologers or soothsayers) Dn 2:27; 5:11; emph. גָּֽזְרַיָּא 4:4; 5:7 (cf.Dr.; Arabic جزّار RS JPhil. xlii (1885), 781). Pf. 3 fs. הִתְגְּזֶ֫רֶת 2:34 a stone was cut out, so אִתְג׳ (K§§ 23. 1; 30, 2) v 45 (c. מִן of source).

Jastrow 1903

גְּזַר: to cut, split to make covenant to circumcise, have one’s self circumcised to decree; to enact prohibition as precautionary measure, to prohibit, guard to be cut off to be decreed tree →

The whole Jastrow entry

to cut, split. Targ. Ps. LXXIV, 13 (h. text פרר). Targ. Y. Lev. XXV, 3 sq. (h. text זמר); a. e.—B. Kam. 81ᵇ גזרתינהו לשקך וכ׳ ed. (Ar. גַּזְרִית, Ms. R. גַּזְרִי, Ms. F. אַגְזַרְתִּינְהוּ Af.) I should have split thy shoulder with the iron weapon (i.e. should have excommunicated thee).—ג׳ קיימא to make a covenant (h. כָּרַת בְּרִית). Targ. Gen. XV, 18; a. fr. to circumcise, have one’s self circumcised. Targ. Gen. XVII, 10; 11; a. fr.—Targ. Y. Lev. XIX, 23 ג׳ גזרא (h. text ערל ערלה, v. עָרְלָה).—Part. pass. גְּזִיר, pl. גְּזִירִין. Targ. Y. Gen. XVII, 13. Targ. Josh. V, 5; a. e.—Macc. 11ᵃ (prov.) שכם נסיב ומבגאי גזיר (Gen. R. s. 80 ומגבאי קטע) Shechem wants to marry (Dinah), and Mabgai (his subject) must submit to circumcision. Gen. R. l. c. גְּזוֹר be thou circumcised. Y. Kidd. III, 64ᵈ bot. מהו מִיגְזוֹר וכ׳ how about circumcising … on the Sabbath? Y. Sabb. XIX, 16ᵈ bot. הוה ליה עובדא למיגזור וכ׳ had a case, when he was to have his son … circumcised (on a Sabbath). Y. Meg. I, 72ᵇ bot. אזל וג׳ he (Antoninus) went and had himself circumcised; (Y. Snh. X, 29ᶜ וגייר גרמיה); Koh. R. to IX, 10 הוה גזיר was circumcised; a. fr. to decree; to enact a prohibition as a precautionary measure, to prohibit, guard. Targ. Job XXII, 28; a. e. Targ. Is. XXI, 17 גְזִיר כן it is so decreed.—Ab. Zar. 36ᵃ ואתי אינהו וגָזוּר וכ׳ and they came and forbade (gentile bread &c.) even in the field. Sabb. 14ᵃ גַּזְרֵי ביה … טומאה declared him unclean.—Ib. 53ᵇ ולא גַזְרִינָן דילמא וכ׳ and we do not prohibit it (from fear) lest he may &c. Ab. Zar. 38ᵇ גזרינן הא אטו הא we may forbid one thing in order to ward off from another thing; a. v. fr. V. גְּזֵרָה. to be cut off. Targ. Job XVIII, 14; a. e.—Ms. מתגייר׳; h. text יתמלל׳. Targ. Ps. LVIII, 8 (Var. מתגורר׳). to be decreed. Targ. Koh. VIII, 4; a. e.

Why these entries: BDB: headword, part of speech agrees, 6 of its verses cited, 1 words shared with the glosses, lists its Strong's number (1 candidates); OSHB: headword, part of speech agrees, 1 words shared with the BDB entry, 1 with the glosses (1 candidates); Jastrow: headword, part of speech agrees, 0 of its verses cited, 1 words shared with the glosses (8 candidates)

Glosses

MACULA's English glosses of the word in the text, with how often each is used: astrologers (2); it was cut out (2); the (2).

In the verses

Daniel 2:27 · tree →

עָנֵ֧ה דָנִיֵּ֛אל קֳדָ֥ם מַלְכָּ֖א וְאָמַ֑ר רָזָה֙ דִּֽי־מַלְכָּ֣א שָׁאֵ֔ל לָ֧א חַכִּימִ֣ין אָֽשְׁפִ֗ין חַרְטֻמִּין֙ גָּזְרִ֔ין יָכְלִ֖ין לְהַֽחֲוָיָ֥ה לְמַלְכָּֽא׃

Word for word: [was].replying Daniel before the king and.[was] saying the secret which the king [is].asking not wise.men conjurers magicians astrologers [are].being.able to declare to the king

JPS 1917: Daniel answered before the king, and said: 'The secret which the king hath asked can neither wise men, enchanters, magicians, nor astrologers, declare unto the king;

Daniel 4:4 · tree →

בֵּאדַ֣יִן עָלִּ֗ין חַרְטֻמַיָּא֙ אָֽשְׁפַיָּ֔א כַּשְׂדָּאֵ֖י וְגָזְרַיָּ֑א וְחֶלְמָ֗א אָמַ֤ר אֲנָה֙ קֳדָ֣מֵיה֔וֹן וּפִשְׁרֵ֖הּ לָא־מְהוֹדְעִ֥ין לִֽי׃

Word for word: then [were].going.in the magicians the conjurers the Chaldeans and the astrologers and the dream [was].saying I before them and interpretation its not [they.were].making.known to me

JPS 1917: Then came in the magicians, the enchanters, the Chaldeans, and the astrologers; and I told the dream before them; but they did not make known unto me the interpretation thereof.

In Targum Onkelos

Number 275 of the commonest words of Targum Onkelos, the Aramaic translation of the Torah: used 19 times there, in the forms גְזַר (14); גְּזַר (2); וּגְזַר (2); דִגְזַר (1).

Deuteronomy 5:2 · tree → · Onkelos, then the Hebrew

יְיָ אֱלָהָנָא גְזַר עִמָנָא קְיָם בְּחֹרֵב

יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵ֗ינוּ כָּרַ֥ת עִמָּ֛נוּ בְּרִ֖ית בְּחֹרֵֽב׃

Word for word: Yahweh God our he.made with us a.covenant at Horeb

JPS 1917: The LORD our God made a covenant with us in Horeb.

Genesis 17:26 · tree → · Onkelos, then the Hebrew

בִּכְרַן יוֹמָא הָדֵין (גְּזַר) אִתְגְּזַר אַבְרָהָם וְיִשְׁמָעֵאל בְּרֵהּ

בְּעֶ֙צֶם֙ הַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֔ה נִמּ֖וֹל אַבְרָהָ֑ם וְיִשְׁמָעֵ֖אל בְּנֽוֹ׃

Word for word: on the.substance of the.day (the) this he.was.circumcised Abraham and Ishmael son his

JPS 1917: In the selfsame day was Abraham circumcised, and Ishmael his son.

On Mova

This word in the Biblical Aramaic dictionary on Mova free.
Trees and pragmatics of its meanings: every English meaning parsed by Mova, with its dependency tree and frames.

Sources. The words, their counts, glosses and the word-for-word renderings: MACULA Hebrew (the Westminster Leningrad Codex; Clear Bible, CC BY 4.0). Meanings: the OpenScriptures lexical index (CC BY 4.0), Brown–Driver–Briggs 1906 and Jastrow 1903 (public domain, via Sefaria); Targum Onkelos from Sefaria (public domain). Translation: JPS 1917 (public domain, from eBible.org).

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